DOWN STREAM PROCESSING

DOWN STREAM PROCESSING SUPPLE, 2008
SET : 1
1. Describe about economic assessment of various proteins via rDNA?
2. Explain the role of Downstream processing and differentiate market sectors in Biotechnology?
3How can you classify cell disruption methods? Explain in brief about them?
4. Write about the pressure leaf filters?
5. Explain about the Basic principles of membrane separation?
6. Discuss about colloidal stability of protein solutuions?
7. Write short notes on :
a) Paper chromatography
b) SDS – PAGE
8. Describe about the process of electrodialysis?
SET : 2
1. Explain the different stages in downstream processing and briefly describe about techniques employed in each stage?
2. Explain about the filtration technique employed for several Bioproducts?
3. Write in detail about the Non – Mechanical methods of cell disruption?
4. What are the various techniques employed in recovery of bioproducts? Explain in brief about them?
5. Write short notes on :
a) Reverse osmosis
b) Ultra filtration
6. Describe about different techniques employed in precipitation?
7. Describe the following :
a) Liquid adsorption chromatography
b) LLC
8. Explain about the process of Dialysis?
SET : 3
1. Examine the continuing role which economics play in bioprocess research, development and commercialization?
2. Explain about the filtration technique employed for several bioproducts?
3. Explain with a neat sketch the working of a homogenizer?
4. What are the various techniques employed in recovery of bioproducts? Explain in brief about them?
5. Explain & describe the following membrane separation process RO and Ultra filtration and clearly delineate between the different process?
6. Describe about different techniques employed in precipitation?
7. Derive the mass balance for fixed bed adsorption?
8. Explain about the process of Dialysis?
SET : 4
1. Explain in detail about bioprocess economics and evaluation of market?
2. Explain the principle of solvent extraction and its applications with an example?
3. Explain about working of a bead mill and on what factors does the optimal conditions in a bead mill depends upon?
4. Write short notes on :
a) Tubular centrifuge
b) Multi chamber centrifuge
5. Write short notes on :
a) Reverse osmosis
b) Ultra filtration
6. Describe about different techniques employed in precipitation?
7. Explain in brief about different methods for electrophoresis?
8. Out line the strategies for crystallization of proteins.
POSTED BY VAGDEVI AT 6:07 AM 0 COMMENTS
LABELS: DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
REACTIONS:
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING-REG 2K7
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 1
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Describe about Vitamins, Alkaloids, and Nucleosides of commercial interest? [16]
2. Explain about different ways of precipitation and its applications. [16]
3. Write short notes on:
(a) Enzymatic cell lysis
(b) Chemical cell lysis [8+8]
4. Write about the Pressure leaf Filters? [16]
5. Write short notes on:
(a) Liquid membranes
(b) Reverse Osmosis [8+8]
6. Write short notes on:
(a) whole broth treatment
(b) in-situ product recovery [8+8]
7. Describe about different types of support media employed in electrophoresis? [16]
8. Explain the Formation and growth of Crystals? [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 2
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. What are the various products of r DNA and their economic assessment of various
proteins? [16]
2. Describe about extraction using aqueous two phase systems? [16]
3. How can you classify Cell disruption methods? Explain in brief about them? [16]
4. Explain about different types of Filter media and types of Filters used in Biotech-
nology industries? [16]
5. Write about different modes of operation of filters? [16]
6. Describe about different agents employed in precipitation which renders the com-
pounds of interest insoluble? [16]
7. Describe about Chromatographic columns and column packing procedures? [16]
8. Explain about the process of Dialysis? [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 3
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Design a material balance sheet for certain process and give its capital investment
estimate for the major equipment of the process in material balance sheet? [16]
2. Explain the principle of Solvent extraction and its applications with an example?
[16]
3. Describe about Mechanical methods of Cell disruption? [16]
4. Write short notes on:
(a) Basket Centrifuge
(b) Solid bowl scroll Centrifuge [8+8]
5. Write about different modes of operation of filters? [16]
6. Describe about different techniques employed in Precipitation? [16]
7. Describe in detail about adsorptive chromatographic separation process? [16]
8. Describe about Crystallization process of proteins? [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 4
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Examine the continuing role which economics plays in Bioprocess research,development
and commercialization? [16]
2. Give generalized process recovery scheme for enzymes derived form animal, plant,
surface or submerged fermentations? [16]
3. How can you classify Cell disruption methods? Explain in brief about them? [16]
4. What are the various techniques employed in recovery of Bioproducts? Explain in
brief about them? [16]
5. Compare and contrast different modes of filtration process? [16]
6. Describe the importance of process integration and whole broth treatment and
in-situ recovery strategies for product recovery? [16]
7. Write short notes on:
(a) Paper chromatography
(b) SDS-PAGE [8+8]
8. Explain about the process of Dialysis? [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
POSTED BY VAGDEVI AT 5:40 AM 0 COMMENTS
LABELS: DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
REACTIONS:
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING-SUPPLY-2K6
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 1
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, March 2006
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Describe about Vitamins, Alkaloids, and Nucleosides of commercial interest? [16]
2. Explain the role of Downstream processing in Biotechnology? [16]
3. How can you classify Cell disruption methods? Explain in brief about them? [16]
4. Write short notes on:
(a) Tubular Centrifuge
(b) Multi chamber centrifuge [8+8]
5. Write about different modes of operation of filters? [16]
6. Outline the advantages and disadvantages three basic types of precipitation reac-
tions, batch reactor, CSTR and tubular reactor? [16]
7. Describe the following:
(a) Liquid adsorption chromatography
(b) LLC [8+8]
8. Write short notes on:
(a) Secondary nucleation
(b) Heterogeneous nucleation [8+8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 2
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, March 2006
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Examine the continuing role which economics plays in Bioprocess research,development
and commercialization? [16]
2. Explain about the primary isolation techniques? [16]
3. Describe about Mechanical methods of Cell disruption? [16]
4. Describe about Membrane Filter press with a neat sketch? [16]
5. Write about different modes of operation of filters? [16]
6. Describe about different techniques employed in Precipitation? [16]
7. Write short notes on:
(a) Paper chromatography
(b) SDS-PAGE [8+8]
8. Outline the strategies for Crystallization of proteins? [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 3
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, March 2006
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Describe about economic assessment of various proteins via r DNA? [16]
2. Explain about the primary isolation techniques? [16]
3. How can you classify Cell disruption methods? Explain in brief about them? [16]
4. Explain about different types of Filter media and types of Filters used in Biotech-
nology industries? [16]
5. Write short notes on:
(a) Liquid membranes
(b) Ultra filtration [8+8]
6. Describe about different techniques employed in Precipitation? [16]
7. Explain about different types of Adsorbents employed in Adsorption process?[16]
8. Explain about the process of Dialysis? [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 4
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, March 2006
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Examine the continuing role which economics plays in Bioprocess research,development
and commercialization? [16]
2. Explain the principle of Solvent extraction and its applications with an example?
[16]
3. Write in detail about physico-mechnaical methods of Cell disruption? [16]
4. Explain about different types of Filter media and types of Filters used in Biotech-
nology industries? [16]
5. Explain and describe the following membrane separation process Dialysis and Liq-
uid membranes? [16]
6. Explain in detail about extraction fundamentals? [16]
7. Explain about different Chromatography employed for separation of complex mix-
tures? [16]
8. Explain about the process of Dialysis? [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
POSTED BY VAGDEVI AT 5:33 AM 0 COMMENTS
LABELS: DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
REACTIONS:
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING-SUPPLY-2K7
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 1
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. What are the various products of r DNA and their economic assessment of various
proteins? [16]
2. Describe about primary factors affecting separation? [16]
3. Write in detail about physico-mechnaical methods of Cell disruption? [16]
4. Explain about Cell aggregation and Flocculation? [16]
5. Write about different modes of operation of filters? [16]
6. Explain the various factors that influence protein solubility? [16]
7. Write short notes on:
(a) Paper chromatography
(b) SDS-PAGE [8+8]
8. Explain about the process of Dialysis? [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 2
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Describe about preliminary economic analysis or cost analysis performed in Bio-
process? [16]
2. Explain the role of Downstream processing and different market sectors in Biotech-
nology? [16]
3. Explain with a neat sketch the working of Homogenizer? [16]
4. Explain about Cell aggregation and Flocculation? [16]
5. Write short notes on:
(a) Reverse Osmosis
(b) Ultra filtration [8+8]
6. Describe the importance of process integration and whole broth treatment and
in-situ recovery strategies for product recovery? [16]
7. Write short notes on:
(a) Paper chromatography
(b) SDS-PAGE [8+8]
8. Explain about the process of Dialysis? [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 3
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Examine the continuing role which economics plays in Bioprocess research,development
and commercialization? [16]
2. Explain the role of Downstream processing in Biotechnology? [16]
3. Write in detail about physico-mechnaical methods of Cell disruption? [16]
4. What are the various techniques employed in recovery of Bioproducts? Explain in
brief about them? [16]
5. Write about different modes of operation of filters? [16]
6. Discuss about Colloidal stability of protein solutions? [16]
7. Write short notes on:
(a) Rocket Immuno electrophoresis
(b) Capillary electrophoresis [8+8]
8. Write short notes on:
(a) Secondary nucleation
(b) Heterogeneous nucleation [8+8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 4
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Examine the continuing role which economics plays in Bioprocess research,development
and commercialization? [16]
2. Explain about the Filtration technique employed for several Bioproducts? [16]
3. Write short notes on:
(a) Homogenizer
(b) Bead mill [8+8]
4. What are the Factors influencing Sedimentation rates of particles in Batch gravity?
[16]
5. How can RO and Ultra filtration complement each other? [16]
6. Describe about different techniques employed in Precipitation? [16]
7. Write short notes on:
(a) Paper chromatography
(b) SDS-PAGE [8+8]
8. Explain about the Principle and application of Gel Permeation chromatography?
[16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
POSTED BY VAGDEVI AT 3:59 AM 0 COMMENTS
LABELS: DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
REACTIONS:
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING-REG 2K6
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 1
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2006
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Examine the continuing role which economics plays in Bioprocess research,development
and commercialization? [16]
2. Describe about extraction using aqueous two phase systems? [16]
3. Explain about working of a bead mill and on what factors does the optimal condi-
tions in a Bead mill depends upon? [16]
4. Write short notes on:
(a) Basket Centrifuge
(b) Solid bowl scroll Centrifuge [8+8]
5. What are the different types of Membranes available for separations and explain
about different membrane configurations? [16]
6. Explain the concept of DLVO theory? [16]
7. Explain about the basic concepts of Electrophoresis? [16]
8. Explain about the process of Dialysis? [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 2
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2006
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Describe about economic assessment of various proteins via r DNA? [16]
2. Give generalized process recovery scheme for enzymes derived form animal, plant,
surface or submerged fermentations? [16]
3. How can you classify Cell disruption methods? Explain in brief about them? [16]
4. Write about the Pressure leaf Filters? [16]
5. How can RO and Ultra filtration complement each other? [16]
6. Describe about different techniques employed in Precipitation? [16]
7. Write short notes on:
(a) Distribution coefficients
(b) Modes of chromatography [8+8]
8. Explain about the process of Dialysis? [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 3
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2006
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Examine the continuing role which economics plays in Bioprocess research,development
and commercialization? [16]
2. Explain about the Filtration technique employed for several Bioproducts? [16]
3. What is meant by cell disruption and explain about the functioning of Bead mill?
[16]
4. Explain about Cell aggregation and Flocculation? [16]
5. Write short notes on:
(a) Liquid membranes
(b) Ultra filtration [8+8]
6. Describe about different methods for extraction of Bioproducts? [16]
7. Derive the mass balance for fixed bed adsorption? [16]
8. Explain and classify the types of Crystallization used based on how supersaturation
is achieved? [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR412302 Set No. 4
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2006
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Describe about preliminary economic analysis or cost analysis performed in Bio-
process? [16]
2. Explain about the Filtration technique employed for several Bioproducts? [16]
3. Write short notes on:
(a) Enzymatic cell lysis
(b) Chemical cell lysis [8+8]
4. What is the difference between sedimentation and Centrifugation and List the ad-
vantages and disadvantages of Centrifugation? [16]
5. Write about different modes of operation of filters? [16]
6. Describe about different techniques employed in Precipitation? [16]
7. Explain about Affinity electrophoresis and Immuno electrophoresis? [16]
8. Describe about the process of Electro Dialysis? [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
POSTED BY VAGDEVI AT 3:58 AM 0 COMMENTS
LABELS: DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
REACTIONS:
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING-nov 2k5 reg
Code No: RR412302 Set No.1
4 B.Tech. 1 Semester Regular Examinations, November -2005
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
? ? ? ? ?
1. (a) Characterize the biotechnology products. [4]
(b) Explain the various steps involved in Down Stream Processing. [12]
2. Describe the principles of various techniques available for the separation of solids
from fermentation broth ad their relative merits and demerits. [16]
3. Discuss the various types of membrane based separations in detail. [16]
4. (a) Describe briefly principles of Gel filtration, affinity and ion-exchange chro-
matography.
[6]
(b) A protein isolated from tumor biopsy was found to show PI of 4.8. Which
form of anion-exchange chromatography is suitable for the purification of this
protein.
[4]
(c) Assume that you are performing Gelfiltration chromatography of sample A on
a matrix whose nolecular mass fraction range is 1000 KDa - 5 KDa. Sample
A contains Protein 4(2,000,000 Da), Protein U (5,00,000 Da), Peptide T(2500
Da), Protein X (2,25,000 Da), Protein V(1,500, 000 Da), Protein Z(75,000
Da) and Peptide D(5,000 Da). Arrange them in their order of elution and
give justification for the order. [6]
5. (a) Describe electrophoresis technique and the principles to estimate the molecular
masses of proteins and nucleic acids. [10]
(b) You have been given a sample containing mixtures of proteins; protein A(Mol.
Mass 20 kDa, net charge-2), protein B(Mol. Mass. 20 kDa, net charge -6)
and protein C(Mol. Mass 20 kDa, net charge - 15). Theoretically how many
protein bands do you expect in the native PAGE ad in SDS-PAGE. Explain
the reason.
[6]
6. (a) Explain the principle of extraction. Describe single stage and multi stage
extraction methods. [10]
(b) A water solution containing 1% of a certain solute A is to be extracted with
a solvent at 200C. Water and solvent are immiscible. Determine the percent
extraction of the solute when
i. 100 kg of feed solution is extracted once with 150 kg of solvent.
1 of 2
Code No: RR412302 Set No.1
ii. Three ideal extraction are carried out using 50kg of solvent each time.
The equalibrium data is as follows. [6]
x, kg solute/kg water × 102: 0.0 1.011 2.46 7.51 9.98 20.40
y, kg solute/ kg solvent × 102: 0.0 0.807 2.30 6.86 9.31 18.70
7. (a) Describe biospecific affinity chromatography. [8]
(b) Write on the criteria used for selection of extraction equipment in Antibiotic
Industry. [8]
8. Write short notes on: [4 × 4 = 16]
(a) Concentration polarization and cross flow filtration
(b) Principle of super critical fluid extraction
(c) Cell disruption methods
(d) Precipitation methods.
? ? ? ? ?
2 of 2
Code No: RR412302 Set No.2
4 B.Tech. 1 Semester Regular Examinations, November -2005
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
? ? ? ? ?
1. (a) Characterize the Biotechnology products. [4]
(b) What do you understand by upstream and down stream processing? Discuss
with neat flowcharts. [12]
2. When do you Prefer centrifugation over conventional filtration. Explain various
types of centrifuges. [16]
3. Describe the operation of super critical fluid extraction. Give a neat sketch of the
block diagram. What are the advantages of super critical fluid in the extraction
operation. [16]
4. (a) What is liquid liquid extraction and explain partition coefficient? [6]
(b) Penicillin B to be extracted from the clarified fermentation beer by using pure
amyl acetate as solvent at PH 4.0. The distribution co-effecient, k of the
system was found to be 32. The initial concentration of Penicillin in the feed
B 400 ml/L. The flowrates of the feed ad solvent streams are 500 L/h ad 30
L/h respectively.
i. How many ideal stages (counter curret contact)are required to recover
97% of penicillin in the feed.
ii. If three counter current stages are used, what will be the percent recovery.
iii. If three cross current stages are used with equal solvent flow rate (10 L/h
each), what will be the percet recovery. [10]
5. (a) Explain various methods of carrying out crystallization. [8]
(b) Discuss the phenomenon of precipitation in detail. [8]
6. (a) Describe briefly principles of Gel filtration, affinity and ion-exchange chro-
matography. [6]
(b) A protein isolated from tumor biopsy was found to show PI of 4.8. Which
form of anion-exchange chromatography is suitable for the purification of this
protein. [4]
(c) Assume that you are performing Gelfiltration chromatography of sample A
on a matrix whose nolecular mass fractio range is 1000 kDa-5kDa. Sample A
contains Protein 4(2,000,000 Da), Protein U (5,00,000 Da), Peptide T(2500
Da), Protein X(2,25,000 Da), Protein V(1,500,000 Da), Protein Z(75,000 Da)
and Peptide D(5,000 Da). Arrange them in their order of elutio, and give
justification for the order. [6]
1 of 2
Code No: RR412302 Set No.2
7. (a) Describe electrophoresis techniques and the principles to estimate the molec-
ular masses of proteins and nucleic acids. [10]
(b) You have been given a sample containing mixutres of proteins; protein A(Mol.
Mass 20 kDa, net charge-2), Protein B(Mol. Mass. 20 kDa, net charge - 6)
and protein C(Mol. Mass 20 kDa, net charge - 15). Theoretically how many
protein bands do you expect in the native PAGE and in SDS-PAGE. Explain
the reason. [6]
8. Write short notes on: [4 × 4 = 16]
(a) Chemical cell disruption
(b) Rotatory vacume filter
(c) Ultrafiltration
(d) Dialysis
? ? ? ? ?
2 of 2
Code No: RR412302 Set No.3
4 B.Tech. 1 Semester Regular Examinations, November -2005
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
? ? ? ? ?
1. Indicate the objectives of upstream and down stream stages in an industrial bio-
process. Describe in detail the sequential steps involved in Down Stream process-
ing?
[16]
2. (a) Explain how do you classify the memebrane separation methods according to
particle size. [5]
(b) Make a comparision between conventional filtration and cross flow filtration.
[5]
(c) Explain briefly about Reverse Osmosis. [6]
3. (a) What are the criteria for selecting a good solvent for solvent extraction. Ex-
plain multistage extraction? [10]
(b) It is desired to extract 4950 kg/hr of a solution containing 39.4 % of component
A and 60.61% solvent B, with a solvent C which is completely immisable with
solvent B. How many stages are required to recover 95% of component A in
the extract, if 6000 kg/hr of solvent C is fed to the stage of counter current
multiple contact process? [6]
kg of A/kg of B: 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
kg of A/kg of C: 0.09 0.14 0.22 0.28 0.34 0.40 0.45 0.50
4. (a) Explain the principle involved in super critical fluid extraction. [8]
(b) Explain various types of filters used in separation of solids. [8]
5. (a) Describe briefly principles of Gel filtration, affinity and ion-exchange chro-
matography. [6]
(b) A protein isolated from tumor biopsy was found to show PI of 4.8. Which
form of anion-exchange chromatography is suitable for the purificatio of this
protein. [4]
(c) Assume that you are performing Gelfiltration chromatography of sample A
on a matrix whose nolecular mass fractio range is 1000 kDa-5kDa. Sample A
contains Protein 4(2,000,000 Da), Protein U (5,00,000 Da), Peptide T(2500
Da), Protein X(2,25,000 Da), Protein V(1,500,000 Da), Protein Z(75,000 Da)
and Peptide D(5,000 Da). Arrange them in their order of elution and give
justification for the order. [6]
6. (a) Describe electrophoresis techniques and the principles to estimate the molec-
ular masses of proteins and nucleic acids. [10]
1 of 2
Code No: RR412302 Set No.3
(b) You have been given a sample containing mixutres of proteins; protein A(Mol.
Mass 20 kDa, net charge-2), Protein B(Mol. Mass. 20 kDa, net charge - 6)
and protein C(Mol. Mass 20 kDa, net charge - 15). Theoretically how many
protein bands do you expect in the native PAGE and in SDS-PAGE. Explain
the reason. [6]
7. (a) With the help of a neat block diagram describe a typical ion exchange process
(Including elution and re-generation) for the recovery of a fermentation prod-
uct from the broth. [12]
(b) What are various factors that affect the resolution in a gel filtration chro-
matography.
[4]
8. Write short note on: [4 × 4 = 16]
(a) Density gradient centrifugation
(b) Cell disruption methods
(c) Role of filter aid infiltration
(d) Crystallization
? ? ? ? ?
2 of 2
Code No: RR412302 Set No.4
4 B.Tech. 1 Semester Regular Examinations, November -2005
DOWN STREAM PROCESSING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
? ? ? ? ?
1. (a) Mention at least five bioprocess products and list out the unique characterstics
of bioseparation products. [4]
(b) Explain the various steps involved in Down Stream Processing. [12]
2. (a) Explain the recent development in product isolation. [8]
(b) What are the various methods used in cell disruption. Explain the advantages
and disadvantages of each method. [8]
3. (a) Differentiate between conventional filteration and cross flow filtration. [6]
(b) What is the use of filter aids infilteration give some examples of filter aids. [4]
(c) Explain Batch filters used in the seperation of solids. [6]
4. (a) Explain the principle of extraction. Describe single stage and multi stage
extraction methods. [10]
(b) Water containing 6.8 mg/lit of a steriod is extracted wiht pure methylene dis-
chloride. The equalibrium constant (distribution Co-efficient) for the steriod
is 770 and the ratio of water to solvent used is 82. What is the concentration in
the organic after the extraction. What fraction of the steriod will be removed.
[6]
5. (a) Describe electrophoresis techniques and the principles to estimate the molec-
ular masses of proteins and nucleic acids. [10]
(b) You have been given a sample containing mixutres of proteins; protein A(Mol.
Mass 20 kDa, net charge-2), Protein B(Mol. Mass. 20 kDa, net charge - 6)
and protein C(Mol. Mass 20 kDa, net charge - 15). Theoretically how many
protein bands do you expect in the native PAGE and in SDS-PAGE. Explain
the reason. [6]
6. (a) Describe briefly principles of Gel filtration, affinity and ion-exchange chro-
matography. [6]
(b) A protein isolated from tumor biopsy was found to show PI of 4.8. Which
form of anion-exchange chromatography is suitable for the purificatio of this
protein. [4]
(c) Assume that you are performing Gelfiltration chromatography of sample A
on a matrix whose nolecular mass fractio range is 1000 kDa-5kDa. Sample A
contains Protein 4(2,000,000 Da), Protein U (5,00,000 Da), Peptide T(2500
1 of 2
Code No: RR412302 Set No.4
Da), Protein X(2,25,000 Da), Protein V(1,500,000 Da), Protein Z(75,000 Da)
and Peptide D(5,000 Da). Arrange them in their order of elution and give
justification for the order. [6]
7. (a) Explain various methods of carrying of crystallization. [8]
(b) Discuss the phenomena of precipitation in detial. [8]
8. Write short note on: [4 × 4=16]
(a) Tubular Bowl centrifuge
(b) Membrane separations
(c) Principle of super critical fluid extraction
(d) Dialysis